How many days before/after ‘The Big Day’ is it appropriate to wish someone a Happy Christmas? This article has the misfortune of being both too early and too late. It’s being written on 21 December, but will be published on 28 - such is the way with publishing deadlines around the festive season. Regardless, I hope you are all having a wonderful time celebrating.

Something I am already celebrating at the time of writing is the solstice. We’ve finally made it the shortest day of the year. Where I am writing from, the sun ‘rose’ (if it’s there behind the clouds) at 08:06 and will have set by 15.54. Bleak. But today marks a very welcome turning point. Spirits will soon be lifted by Christmas and New Year and then we’ll be back on the road to longer days.

This restrained optimism is being reflected in the markets as we close out 2023. Last week (or two weeks ago by the time you read this), the chairman of the Federal Reserve suggested that there might be as many as four interest rate cuts in the US in 2024, perhaps signalling the end of a very challenging economic period which has been felt by private investors.

But before we turn our attention to the opportunities of the new year, the post-Christmas stupor is a fun time of year to sit and remember. And with that in mind we’ll be bringing you a pair of articles to help prompt recollection of 2023. Tomorrow we will be digging through the statistics and data - helping you remember the stocks, sectors and markets that thrived and those that didn’t. But first, we’ll turn our attention to the stories and events that defined 2023 and the lessons we can take from them.

A banking crisis that wasn’t

It has been 15 years since the last time major bank failures prompted global meltdown and March proved it was just about time for another go.

As many had expected, rising interest rates (enforced by central banks around the world in an attempt to quell rampant inflation) finally caused trouble for the banking sector, starting with Credit Suisse, which collapsed in the middle of March.

Then came the turn of the US banking sector, which was undermined by the fall in bond prices as interest rates continued to rise. With customers queuing (digitally) to take their cash out,…

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